Political Figures
Vladimir Lenin
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Vladimir Lenin led the Bolshevik faction of Russian Marxism and became the first head of government of Soviet Russia after the Bolsheviks seized power in the October Revolution of 1917. As head of the new government he founded the Cheka, the Bolshevik secret police, in December 1917, and the political violence carried out under his government against real and suspected opponents, intensified after an assassination attempt on Lenin in August 1918, is known as the Red Terror; killings are estimated in the tens of thousands, with some historians placing the toll considerably higher.
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Bolsheviks, Institutions Lenin led the Bolshevik faction from its 1903 split with the Mensheviks through the October Revolution of 1917 and headed the resulting Soviet government.
Lenin led the Bolshevik faction that carried out the October 1917 seizure of power in Petrograd, deposing the Provisional Government and bringing the Council of People's Commissars, with Lenin as its chairman, to power.
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