Presidential Administrations

An administration headed by a president who is both head of state and head of government, elected independently of the legislature and not constitutionally required to share executive authority with a separately empowered prime minister. Belongs here: the Biden Administration, the Trump Administration, the Lula Administration, the Milei Administration. Does not belong here: a president who shares real constitutional executive power with a legislature-answerable prime minister, filed under Semi-Presidential Governments instead; several placements in this bucket are individually verified calls rather than a mechanical read of the entity's own name, recorded in this wave's research packet, because an "administration"-suffixed name is not on its own a reliable classifier (Myanmar's Min Aung Hlaing Administration carries the same suffix and is filed under Military and Transitional Governments below).